Building energy consumption includes not only heating, hot water, cooling, lighting, transport and maintenance during the occupancy phase, but also the energy of raw material procurement, production and transport of building materials and components, installation and other implicit energy consumption (also known as gray energy). In addition, building demolition and reuse of building materials should also be taken into account. It is important not to lose sight of the energy consumption of recyclable building materials that continue to be reprocessed and reused in other areas.
Based on our long experience in the design and management of building energy in consideration of the whole life cycle, we develop concepts for net-zero / plus energy buildings and areas. In doing so, we always rely on the method of integral planning.